Are other types of mold harmful?

Yes.  According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, “All molds have the potential to cause health
effects.  Molds produce allergens that can trigger allergic reactions or even asthmatic attacks in people allergic
to mold.  Others are known to produce potent toxins and/or irritants.”  Some types of mold are more
harmful to us than others.  Aside from Stachybotrys, or “black mold,” Aspergillus and Penicillium are among
the most harmful indoor spores.  Aspergillus spores are responsible for aspergillosis, an infection which can
occur in the ear canal, eyes, nose, sinus cavities, and lungs.  There have also been numerous studies performed
which link mold to a variety of respiratory problems.
References:

http://www.epa.gov/iedmold1/moldresources.html
http://www.epi.state.nc.us/epi/oii/mold/index.html
Committee on Damp Indoor Spaces and Health.  Board on Heath Promotion &
Disease Prevention.  Damp Indoor Spaces and Health. The National Academic Press,
2002.       Washington D.C.
Richard F. Progovitz. Black Mold: Your Health and Your Home.
Phylogenetic Relationships of Memnoniella and Stachybotrys Species and Evaluation
of Morphological Features for Memnoniella Species Identification
Richard A. Haugland, Stephen J. Vesper and Stephen M. Harmon
http://www.inspectapedia.com/sickhouse/moldclasses.htm
http://healthandenergy.com/mold's_harmful_effects.htm
http://www.auuuu.org/respiratory/aspergillosis/